Improved magnetic printing



4% 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S; F. VAN G'HOATE. MAGNETIC PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 27,655. Patented Mar. 27. 1860.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

S. F. VAN CHOATEL MAGNETIC PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented Mar. 27, 1860.

l wuwhwwwwn 1 I: I I 1.13....

3 Sh.eet's.-Sheet 3.

S. I. VAN GHOATE. MAGNETIC PRINTING TELEGRAPH;

Patented Mar. 27, 1860.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

s'. F. VAN CHOATE, or YREKA, CALIFORNIA.

IM PROVED. MAGNETIC PRI.NTLNG-TE.LEGRAPH.

Specification'forining part of Letters Patent No. 27,655, dated fl 1860- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, S. F. VAN GHOATE, of Yreka, in the county of Siskiyou and State of California, hare invented certain new and useful Improvements inMagnetie Printing-(Pele graphs; and 'I do hereby declare that the fol-' lowing is a full, clear, and exact. description of the same, reference beinghad to the accompa nying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a frontview of my composing and printing instrument, exhibitingpartot'the printing apparatus in section. Fig. 2 is a back view of the same. Fig. 3'is a vertical section of the same, taken at right anglesto-Figsi. and 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the same,- talien in a plane parallel with Figs. 1 and 2.

"Fig. 5 is a plan of the base and key-board ot the instrument. Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 are views exhibiting some of the details of the machine. Fig. 10 is a diagram giving ageneral view of the circuits. Similar letters of reference indicate COIl'Bf spending parts in the several figures.

My im'entionconsists in certain improve .ments in magnetic-telegraph instruments,

whereby I reduce very materially the amount of magnetic force necessary to effect their operation, and am enabled tooperate effectively with a battery of no great power and without the use of relays or local batteries.

' To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A A are two parallel upright plates, of metal or other material, erected upon a wooden base, B, and stayed together by stretchers A A, to

' make a stiff framing to hold the working parts of the instrument.

0, Figs. 1 and 2, is the type-wheel by which the printing is'efl'ected, which carries the types a 0, representing the letters of the alphabet, with such signs or numbers as it may be, desired to use, said types being arranged at equal distances apart on the circumference of the wheel, and a space, b, being left at one point of the circumference of awidth equal to one tooth and two of the other spaces between the teeth, such space being for the purpose of male in g the necessary spaces between the words in printin In speaking of the number of types on thisfiwheel throughout this specification I wish .to. befunderstoo'd as including also the space I). The said type-wheel is made-fast on a horizontal shaft, 0, which works in hearings in the two side frames, A, and which is geared by a train of wheel-work, (1 eff g g h z'jj. k; with a drum or'bai'rel, I), to which motive power is applied bye spring or weight in such manner as to produce a rotary movement of the said wheel under the control of an escapement, whose operation isgoverired by two upright electromagnets, E I, and a horizontal permanent steel magnet, G, ot'horscshoe form,

The

in a manner to be presently described. escape-wheel H of the said escapement has a number of teeth corresponding with the number of types on the typewheel, andis fast on a shaft, l, which is arranged parallel with the type-wheel shaft 0 in bearings in the plates A A, and which is geared with the type-wheel shaft by two gears, a 0, having each the same number of teeth.

The anchor I is attached to a rock-shaft, p, fitted to work in bearin gs in the plates A A, and is slotted to receive a pin, 1', attached to the lower arm of a cruciform lever, J, to opposite arms of which, at equal distances from the center or fulcrum q, are attached the armatures E F of the two upright electro-magnets E F, as shown in Fi 4. This lever is attached 'to a rock-shaft, (1, which works in bearings in the plates A A. The upper arm of the said lever passes through the upper stretcher, A, of the-framing, in which there may be fitted set-screws to control its movement in such manner as to prevent the armatnre's from eve 1 actually touching the poles of their respective electromagnets, but to permit them to approach very near the said poles.

The electro-magnet E is secured to the framin g by a bar, E of insulating material, which insulates it from every part of the instrument; but the electro-magnet F has the central softiron cores of its two helices screwed into or othwise secured in the two arms of the horizontally-arranged permanent magnet G, which is secured to the framing by a bar, G of insulating material.

The helices of the two electro-magnets E F are connected together in such manner that both of saidmagnets are in the same electric circuit, and the arrangement of the helices of the magnet F with respect to the battery or.

other generator of electricity by which the line is to be worked, and in the circuit of which the said magnets are placed, is such that a positive pole of the said electro-magnet may meet the positive pole of the said permanent magnet and a negative pole of the said electromagnet may meet the negative pole of the said permanent magnet, the effect of which arrangement of the poles is that when a current of electricity pastes through the helix of said,

clectro-magnet it simply has the efl'ect of neutralizin g the magnetism of the permanent magnet and preventingthe latter from attracting 1 the armature F, as it does when no electricity passes' through the helices of F. B y-thus combining the clectro-magnet F and permanent magnet G and applying them in relation to the electro-magnet E, the cruciform, double armature-lever I, and the anchor of the escapement, I am enabled to obtain the necessary motion of the anchor to permit the escape wheel to move tooth by tooth by opening and closing the circuit through the helices of the two clectro-magnets, or, in other words, by alternatcly bringing the said helices into and cutting them out from an electric circuit, for

'.the armatures of electro-magnets employed in telegraphinstruments are dispensed with, and therefore no battery-power is wasted 111 overcomingthe tension of such springs. v

The'elcctro-magnet F may have its central soft-iron cores solid and applied in the usual manner; but it is greatly preferable to construct and apply the cores'in the manner represented in Fig. 9, and described as follows:- The figure represents a central section of one of the spool-like portions of the magnet. The

core is composed of two pieces, 69 and 70. The piece 69 consists of a cylindrical soft-iron tube, to the lower end of which is secured'the lower insulated flange, 71, of the spool, and near the upper end of which is screwed the upper insulating flange, 72, leaving a part projecting through the said upper flange, and on the exterior of the part so projecting is out a screwthread, onto which is screwed a flat piece of soft iron, 73, which lies flat upon the top of the insulated flange 72. The central piece, 70, of the core, which is also of soft iron, is made solid and fitted to the. interior of the tubular piece 69, so that the latter may slip over it, and this solid central piece, which is screwed or otherwise secured into one of the arms of the permanent steel magnet G, is made of such length that when the tubular portion is slipped over it its top is flush with the top of the tn bular'portion and the piece 73. The object of this construction of the core is as follows: When the electrical current passes into the electro-magnet it neutralizes the influence that the permanent magnet has over thesoft-iron cores, and if the cores of the electro-helices were solid'and'atta ched to the permanent magnet the action of the current upon theelectromagnet would effect this neutralization so completely that when the circuit of the electro; magnets was opened the permanent magnet would regain its natural attractive state very slowly; but by constructing the cores as I have above described the outside tubular core, 69, is totally neutralize, but theinside core only partially so, and hence'the permanent magnet is enabled to quickly restore the attractive powervto'the outside core, which is attached to the piece 73 of soft iron, the object of which is to increase the attractive surface presented to the armature. This construction of the electro-magnet F also allows it .to be taken apart easily. p

J, Figs. 3, 6, and 7, is what Icall the intermittingavhecl, secured to the oppositeend of the-type-Wheel shaft to that at which the .latter wheel is secured. This intermitting-wheel is m adc in two piecesviz., one of brass or other metal and the other of some insulating material, as illustrated by Figs. 6 and'7, the latter representing an inside face view of one of the pieces and the former exhibiting a central section of the wheel complete on a larger scale than the other figures. Each of these pieces consists of a disk witha number of teeth, 8 s, equal to the number of types on the type-wheel, such teeth projecting both in a radial direction, as shownin Fig. 7, and from one side, as shown in Fig. 6, the spaces between said teeth being of the same width and shape as the teeth themselves, so that when the two pieces are placed together the teeth on one may enter the spaces between the teeth of the other, as shown in Fig. 6, so that the two combine to form a solid disk or wheel, which presents on its periphery in the drawings. The said wheel is secured to the type-wheel shaft in such manner that its metallic portion is insulated from the said shaft. 0', Figs. 2 and 6, is a short shaft of metal,-forming a continuation of the shaft 0 outside of the intermitting-wheel, said shaft 0 being secured to the latter wheel and being in contact with its metallic portion, but insulated from c by lated check-plate K, hereinafter descrihed, but

which might be attached to an y other stationary part of the instrument with proper insulation. *0 is a wire spring or brake, held in such manner that its point-presses upon the periphery of the intermitting-wheel by means .of a stat ionary screw-cup, 0, which is secured to but insulated from the framing of theinstrument.

The screw-cup v of the brake 'v is connected by a wire, 12, with one end of the main wire M M at the station where the instrument, is

placed, and the screw-cup u of the brake u is connected by wires 13 and 20 with one extremity of the-coil of the magnet E, the other end of which being connected with one end of the coil of the magnet F, whose opposite end is connected by a wire, 14, with the other end of the line-wire. By this system ofconnections, when the circuit of the main line is completed through the brakes a, wheel J, shaft 0, and brake u, the brake v resting upon one of the metal teeth of the intermitting-wheel, the electro-nslagnet -E being charged, and thereby rendered active, and the permanent magnet G being polarized by the magnet F, and thereby rendered inactive, the armature E is drawn down and the escape merit-wheel allowed to move one tooth, which brings the insulated spaces of the wheel J intoand closing of the circuit by means of the said wheel J will cause the arma-tures of any numberot' similar instruments arranged in the same telegraph line or circuit to be similarly operated, and hence, it the type-wheels of the sevral {instruments are adjusted to bring their types to similar positions, the same relation will be preserved throughout them all by the intermitting-wheel of anyinstrument on the line that maybe employed in sending messages.

The shaft 0, above described, has attached to it what may be termed a sweep, t, (see Figs. 2, 3, and4,) consisting of a radial arm having a cylindrical hub, t, which is secured firmly to the shaft 0-, but insulated therefrom by an interposed bushing, 15 of insulating material.- This sweep carries a wirespring or brake, t the point of which bears ,upon the peripherical surface of what I call the check-plate, K, the duty of which is to'eft'ect the stoppage of the type-wheel with that typewhich is requisite to print in the proper position for printing. This check-plate is the exact counterpart of theintermitting-wheel J, except that it has a central opening large enoughfor the hub t of the sweep t to pass through it without touching it. It is stationary outside of the intermitting-wheel and sweep, not far from and concentric with the intermitting wheel, in which position it is supported bya bracket, L, of insulating material, secured to one of the plates A A of the framing,"

' To the outer face of the check-plate which belongs td-the part composed of insulating material there is secured a' screw-cup, to,

which holds a wire spring or brake, w, in such a manner as to keep it always pressing upon the periphery of the hub't of the sweep, and" venience, for it may be secured to any other stationary portion of the framing if properly insulated therefrom. v

From every one of the metal teeth s sof the check-plate a wire, 16, leads down through ahole, rain the base to a separate one of acorresponding number of metal springs, N N, arranged below thehollow wooden base B and secured to the back part thereof, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5; but to prevent confusion of parts in the drawingsonly one of these wires and a few of the springs are represented. The said springs are arranged one over the rear end of each of the brass keys 0 O, of which the number corresponds with the number of types in the type-wheel. The keys resemble those of a piano-forte, and they project from under the front part of the wooden base. All; work upon a long pin, g, which passes through? a series of lugs formed upon a plate, 3/, which" is secured to the base. Each one has a sprmg, 3 applied in such a manner as .to press the rear portion downward, and by the action of.

thesesprin gs y they are all kept clear of their respective springs N N until their front ends are depressed by the operator.

Between the keys and the top of the cavity ported in the lugs of a brass plate, z that is' secured to the base B; The rear arm of this lever is furnished with a rigidly-connected} cross'piece, 2 (dotted in Fig. 5,)-which extends across' the whole series of keys, and a spring, 2, is applied to the said arm of the said lever in such a manner as to force the said cross-piece downward toward the keys, and force the front arm of the, said lever upward toward the point of a brass screw, P, which is secured into a brass plate, 1?, on the top of the base, and which passes through the base. When the keys are all at rest the spring 2 holds the lever z in contact with the screw P, and with its cross-piece 2 resting on all the keys; but when any key is depressed by the operator its-rear portion presses upward the cross-piece 2 and so breaks the contact between the leverz and the screw P; but the springs 11 N and the lever z are so arranged relatively to eachother that the key does not break the contact between the-lever z and screw P till it has arrived in contact circuits-via, one through the wire 15and another through the wire 13-as'willbe'presently described, by means of the screw'P,

' 'plate 1?, a wire, 17 ,connecting the said plate- P with the said wires 13 and 15, and a wire, 18, which passes through an opening, 00, in the base and connects the plate 2 with the main wire. Each key is made to form'vpa'rt of one of a number of separate branch circuits,.of which one of the wires 16 and one of the metal teeth 8 of the check-plateform 'parts, by means of a wire, 19, which passes'througha hole, .10,- in the base and connects the plate 3 with the main wire.

Having'now described the construction and arrangement of all those parts'of the inst'ru. ment by which the operations of its type-wheel. and of the type-wheels of the other instruments along the line are controlled, I will proceed to complete the description of the operation of those parts before describing'the printing apparatus, as by that course the latter may be more easily explained.

I will first suppose all the instruments of a the line to be at rest, in which case the circuit is closed throughout, and the current, entering the instrument at M, passes along the wire 18, through the base to the plate 2 through the said plate, pin z, lever z, screw 1, plate 1?, wires 17 and 2()-such parts constituting the short branch circuit 1* of Fig. 10through the helices of both electro m'agnets E F, and from the latter along the wire 14" to theend M of the main line, without passing through the key, the interniitting-whee'l, or the check-plate, the branchcircuit 3 of Fig. 10, in which the in termittin g-wheel is placed, being open in consequence of' the instrument always stopping with the brake a resting on one of the insulated spaces of said wheel, and the branch 2* of Fig. 10, in which the cheek-plate is placed, being open at the key. In this condition the armature E. is attracted by the magnet E; but when a key is depressed by the operator at any station the circuit is opened at the point of the screw P by the upward pressure of the key upon thecross-piece 2' of the lever wires 13 and 20-which parts constitute the branch circuit 3* of Fig. 10--through the hellces of both electro-maguets -E F and wire 14 to M; but no sooner is this the case than the armature 'E, becoming attracted, permits the escape-wheel H to move another tooth, which causes the intermitting-wheel to present another insulated space to the brake o. This opening and closing of thecircuit produces a rapid intermittent movement of the type wheel of the instrument whose key is de-,

pressed, and, ashereinbefore explained, a cor-- responding movement of all the instruments along the linb, which continues until the sweep t, in its'revolution with the type-wheel and intermitting-wheel, brings its brake t into con-- tact with that tooth's of the check-wheelwhich is-connected with the spring N belong ing to the depressed key, (by wire 16,) when the current finds a shorter circuit than that through the intermitting-wheel and wire 13, 'thelatter being coiled, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 to-make a longer circuit-via, from M through wire 19, Fig. 3, to key-plate y, thence ,throughpin'y and depressed key, through spring N of said key, along wire 16 to tooth] 'of. check plate, through brake t sweep t,"-

brake w, cup 10, wires 15 and 20-which parts constitute the branch 2* of Fig. 10 of the the intermitting-wheel being out of circuit, the instrument stops, with the armature E" at;-' ftracted by the magnet E and the type-wheel with the type corresponding with the depressed key opposite the printing-roller S, and all the other instruments in the same linestop with their type-wheels in the same position,

and will remain so after the .key has been per- 'mitted to rise until another key is depressed or the same depressed again, for as the front of the key rises the rear portion does not move out of contact with thespring N till after the circuit' has been closed at the point of the screw P, and the current takes the short branch 1* of the circuit, which it has been before described as taking when the instrument is at its operation, the key being used to change-the 1 circuitfrom one to another of three branches of the same main circuit.

I will now proceed to describe the printing apparatus.

S is the printing-roller, between which and the type-wheel the strip of paper 23 (represented by a blue line in ig. l) on which the message is to be printed passes to receive the impressions of the types, such roller having belowthe type-wheel in a frame, S, which is .fitted to slide in vertical guides 21, attached to onefof the plates A A. This frame S is fitted with a yoke, 8*, which is acted upon to raise the said frame and press the printingroller upward against the type-wheel to produce the impression every time the type-wheel stops by means of a wiper-wheel, T, on a horizontal shaft, 22, which works in hearings in the two plates A A. This shaft is always locked, except at the instant the type-wheel stops after having operated, as hereinbefore described, to present the desired type opposite the printing-cylinder, when it is unlocked and allowed to make very suddenly a sufficient portion of a revolution to enable one'of the wipers of the wheel T to raise the frame S and printing-roller S, and let them descend again, such movement being eifected by means of a spring or weight applied to a drum or barrel, U, which is geared with the said shaft by means of a cog-wheel, 24, on the said drum,

and a pinion, 25, on the saidshaft.

The printing-roller is furnished near each end wit-ha series of sharp teeth, which serve to feed the strip of paper to the type-wheel,

the paper being held against the said teeth by a forked spring, 26, attached to the frame S, and the necessary movement on the roller to effect the feed being produced by means of aratchet-wheel, 27 which is fast on the end of the roller, and'a spring-dog, 28, which is attached to one of the plates A A in such a position that every'time the frame S descends with the roller after having produced an impression a tooth of the ratchet-wheel is operated upon by the said dog. The wiper-wheel '1 only raises the frame S to produce the im; pression, audit (the said frame S) is pulled down again after having made 'tliBllIlPIBSSlOIl by a spring, 29,'connecting it with a bracket, 30, attached to the plate A, such connection being made by means of a screw and nut, 31, which allows the force of said spring to be adjusted.

To'provide for the adjustment of the printing-roller to give the requisite pressure to produce the impression, the yoke S is fitted to slide vertically in the frame S, and has a? screw, 32, applied in such a manner as to be capable of raisingor lowering it.

The types may be kept inked by their re'vo-.

lution in contact with a stationary brush, O,'

(see Fig. 1,) which is kept constantly supplied with ink from a funnel, G or the paper, if

prepared with proper chemical agents, may be printed by making the type-wheel and printingroller constitute portions of a branch of the printing-circuit and closing such branch by means of the paper when the printing-roller is raised.

The mechanism byjvhich the unlocking and locking of the shaft 22 are eft'ected,whieh will be presently described, is controlled by the combination of permanent magnet Vand an electro-magnet, W, of precisely similar description to the magnets G and F, the permanent magnet Vlying flat upon the base B, and being secured to the frame A A, and the cores of the two helices of the magnet W being arranged vertically and secured to the ends with the positive poleof one core in contact with' the positive pole of the permanent magnet and the negative pole of the other core next the negative pole of the permanent magnet.

The: helices of the magnet W are in the branch of the circuit which I call the printing-circuit, (marked 4* in Fig. 10,) which is entirely distinct from any of the branches hereinbefore described, as shown by Fig. 10. This branch of the circuit is formed in the followlowing mannerrOne extrem'ityof the coils of said helices isconnected by a wire, 33, pass-v ing through an insulator, 34-, Fig. 2, in the iraming, with a brass screw-plate, 35, Fig. 4, which is attached to a stationary bar, 40, of insulating material, arranged between the plates A. This screw-plate 35 receives ascrew,

36, the point of which serves as a resting-place for the lower part of a bent lever, 41, which constitutes part of what I call the circuitbreaker, and which is arranged to "ibrate freely on a pin, 37, in a small brass standard, 38, erected upon the bar 46. The standard 38 is connected by a wire, 39, passing through the insulator 34 to the outside of the framing up .to that extremity of the coils-of the magnet F which connects with the wire 14, as shown in Fig. 2. The other extremity of the coils of the helices W connects with the main line at M.

euce to Figs. 2 and 3, is made with a coil, and

- the length of the part of circuit formed by this coil should be greater than the whole length of the printing-circuit, so that when the latter is closed by the contact of the lever 4L with the point of the screw 36 the current passes through it in preference to the wire 14. This printing-circuit is closed when the instrument is at rest; but when the key is first depressed and t-he'type-wheel and intermitting-wheel set in motion the printing-circuit is opened at the point of the screw 36 by the action of a ratchetlike wheel, 42, Figs. 3 and 4, which constitutes the other portion of the circuit-breaker, and is carried by the type-wheel. shaft 0 upon the pawl like upper extremity of the lever 41.

This wheel 42 has a number of ratchet-like tecth equal to the number of types on the type-wheel, and while the type-wheel shaft and intermitter are moving to bring the typewheel to the position-to print, after the depres'sionof the key, the teeth of thesaid ratchetwheel pass the lever 41 so quickly as to prevent its contact with the point of the screw 36, keeping it, as it were, dancing upon them;

but the slightest perceptible stoppage or hesitation (if such an expression may be used) of the wheel 42 of the circuit-breaker permits the lever to come in contactwith the, screw and close the printing-circuit, and hence such circuit is closed the instant the type-wheel is stopped by the check-plate K coming into circuit with the key, as before described. It is the closing of this circuit which causes the unlocking of the wiper-wheel shaft 22, before described, and permits it to be operated by the drum U to raise the printing-roller.

X, which is arranged to work on a stationary fulcrum, 43, and the said lever has applied to it a spring, 44, which tends to draw it away from the magnet W, when,.bythe closing of the circuit through the helices'thereof, the at tractionof the armature is caused tocease. The said spring is allowed to draw up the armature a considerable distance, which may be regulated by a stop-sorew, 45, screwed through a bridge-piece, 46, placed across the framing.

The extremity of the armature-lever X, which is a beveled upward projection, 47, on its upper surface, as shown in Fig. 4, is situated in a plane a short distance horizontally from the plane of one face of a small wheel or disk, Y,

which is fast upon a shaft, 48, which is arranged parallel with the wiperswheel shaft 25 and olhcr shaftsof the instrument insuitable bearings, and is geared with the said shaft 25 by z wheel, 56, and pinion 57 in such a manner that it will make .a complete revolution during the portion of a revolution of the wiperwheel shaft occupied by the action of one of its wipers. For instance, the wiperwheel represented has four'wipers, and the shaft 48 makesone revolution for one-quarter revolution of the shaft 25. The said wheel Y, which,

besides being represented in Figs. 3 and 4, .is

represented detached on a larger scale in Fig. 8," consists ofa circular disk concentric to its shaft, and having in its periphery a single notch, 49, to receive astop-pawl, 50, Fig. 4, which forms part of a' bent lever, Z, which is secured to a small horizontal rock-shaft, 51, which works freely iii-bearings in the framing, said pawl serving to prevent the revolution of the wheel Y and its shaft 48, and consequently that of the wiper-wheelshaft.

On that side of the wheel .Y on which the projection 47 of the armature-lever is situated .there isa small sliding bolt, 52, fitted to work parallel with the side of the said wheel in guides 53 provided thereon, and having a spring, 54, coiled round it, and so applied as to draw its head just within the bottom of the notch 49, so that it is'just clear of the pawl 50 when the notch receives the latter, in which condition of the wheel the bolt is in the upright position shown in Figs. 4 and 8, and its lower extremity is situated above the point ofan upright screw, 55-, which is-screwed into the armature-lever on one side of the beveled projection 4'7. Y

When there is no-electricity in the coils W, which is the case during the action of the intermitting-wheel, the armature W is held down by the attraction of the magnet V and the wheel Y remains locked by the pawl 50; butas soon as the closing of the circuit through those helices takes place and the magnet V.

is rendered inactive the armature-lever is drawn up by the spring 44 and the screw 55 pushes up the bolt 52 against the pawl 50 and lifts the latter out of-the notch 49.- The wheel Y, being thusunlocked, is allowed to make one revolution, which is performed with great rapidity, and thus allows the wiper-wheel shaft 22 to make the required portion of a revolution to operate the printing-roller. As

the wheel Y completes its revolution a small cam, 56, attached to the said wheel by a pin, 57, comes into operation on the beveled projection 47 on the top of the armature-lever, and so depresses the said lever far enough to prevent its screw 55 from catching the lower end' of the bolt 52, which, being left under the influence'of its spring 54, permits the pawl 50 to drop into the notch again and stop the wheel; but the said earn does not depress the armature-lever as far as it is capable of moving toward the magnet W, but far enough to bring the armature very near the poles of said magnet. The said cam 56 is so'applied as to be free to work alittle way on the pin 57; butits movement thereon is limited by two stoppins, 58 and 59, (see Fig. 8,) attached to the wheel, and a spring, 60, is applied to it in such a manner as to press it toward the pin 58. As the said cam comes into action on the bevel- 47 of. the. armature-lever it is forced by the friction'upon said lever away from the stoppin 58 and; into jcontactwith the stop-pin 59, and so remains after the key is allowed to rise and until by the depression of another key or by the samekey being again depressed the type wheel and check-wheel and the wheel 42 of the circuit-breaker are set in operation, when the latter opens the printing-circuit, and the armature W is thus caused to be attracted by the magnet V. The further descent of the lever X with the armature takes it clear of the point of the cam 56 and allows the spriu g to move thelatterback to the stop-pin 58, thus throwing the point of the cam over the highest part or heel of the beveled projection 47 of the lever, so that on the liberation. of the armature by the closing-of the printing-circuit. the said cam may cause no obstruction to the rise of the lever X and consequent disengagement ofthe pawl 50. To prevent the pawl 50 beiug'cajused to jump out of the notch 49 by the sudden stoppage of the wheelY, there is attached to the cam 56 a small sliding bolt, 61, which works through a guide, 62, attached to one side of the wheel,-and which, as the cam 56 depresses .the lever Y, is brought over the point of the turned up lower arm of the lever Z in such a manner that the said lever is caused to be positively locked with its pawl 50 in the notch 49'until by the further descent of the armature-lever the can156 is released and allowed, by its slipping over the projection 47, to remove the said bolt 61 out of the way of the lever Z, and so unlock the latter. Fig. 8

exhibits the lever Z as locked, the armature W not yet having been attracted by the mag.

net V, and Fig. 4. represents the armature as" having been attracted and the lever Z unlocked and ready to be operated upon by the bolt 52 when the armature W is liberated.

I have already explained how the synchronous operation of the type-wheels all along the line is effected by the operation of the intermitting-wheel of any instrument whose key is depressed, and as I have shown that the printin g apparatus is unlocked and allowed to come into operation so soon as any stoppage or hesitation occurs in the movement of the type- Wheel shaft by the circuit-breaker 42 allowing thelevcr 44 to come into contact with the screw 36, and thereby closing the printingcircuit, and so neutralizing the magnetism of the permanent magnet V, and hence, as all the the circuit-breakers have the same operation throughout the line, it is obvious that the same operation of the pri ntin g apparatus takes place in every instrument. To explain the relation between the printing-circuit and the other circuits, I have given the diagram Fig-.10, where 1* represents the short branch of the circuit, through which the current passes when all the instruments are at rest. 3* represents the branch in which the shaft 0, the intermittingwheel, and the brakes 'v and u are placed. 2*

represents one of the shorter branches, of

which a key and the check-plate form parts. 4* represents the printing-circuit, and 14k represents the wire with the long coil, (indicated by the same letter in the other figures.) The short branch circuit 1* is never broken at any instrument'but that from which the message is sent. a

To enable the operator at any station to call the attention of operators at other stations, I propose to attach to each instrument a bell, 63, and a'hammer, 64, attached to an elastic arm, 65, so arranged that it may be operated upon by a pin, 66, in the back of the typewheel once in every revolution of the said wheel, to make the hammer strike the bell.

The hammer may be thrown out of operation at all times (but when the operator wishes to leave his instrument temporarily while no message is bein g received) by means of a cam,

67, attached by a stud, 68, to the framing of the instrument.

Having thus described my invention,'I will proceed to state that what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The en1ployment,in combination with the escapemeut which controls the operation of the mechanism which drives the type-wheel, of two electro-m agnets, E F, arranged in the same circuit, a permanent magnet, G, combined with one of such electromagnets, as described, and two armaiures, E F, attached to a lever so applied relatively to the said magnets and escapement as to be operated, substantially as herein described, to control the escapement by the opening and closing of the main or through current of a line of telegraph.

2. The employment, in combination'with the electro-magnet W of the printing-circuit and the permanent magnet V that is combined therewith, of a circuit-breaker composed of a ratchet-toothed wheel, 42, and lever 41, or their equivalents, applied and operating, substantially as herein described, .to cause the openin g of the printing-circuit while the type-wheel is in motion and the closing of the said circuit on the stoppage of the type-wheel, substantially as herein described.

3. Combining the lever which carries the arm ature of the printin g-m agnet with the printiug mechanism by means of a notched wheel,

Y, sliding bolt 52, cam 56, and spring 60, at-- tached to said wheel, and a stop-pawl, 50, or their equivalents, the whole applied and operating, substantially as herein described, to cause the unlocking of the mechanism which brings the printing-roller intooperation on the stoppage ofthetype-wheel and the relockin g of the said mechanism after the printing operation.

4.' The employment, in combination with each other and with three separate branches of the same main circuit, of a key, 0, an intermitting-wheel, J, a check-plate, K, and a system of magnets, E F G, the whole operatin g together, substantially as herein described, for producing the synchronous-operation of all the type-wheels on a line of telegraph and effecting the stoppage thereof in a position to present to their respective printing apparatus the letter corresponding with the depressed key.

5. In combination with the key, intermittingwheel, check-plate, and. system of magnets, and the three separate branches of a main circuit, as above described, the printing-circuit, circuit-breaker, and the branch circuit lon ger than the printing-circuit formed by the coiled wire 14, or its equivalent, the whole operatingas and for the purpose herein specified.

Witnesses: S. F. VAN OHOATE.

WM. Tosca, R. S. SPENCER. 

